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Susette La Flesche, (later Susette LaFlesche Tibbles) also called ''Inshata Theumba'' (Bright Eyes) (1854 – 1903), was a well-known Native American writer, lecturer, interpreter and artist of the Omaha tribe in Nebraska. La Flesche was a progressive who was a spokesperson for Native American rights. She was of Ponca, Iowa, French and Anglo-American ancestry. In 1983 she was inducted into the Nebraska Hall of Fame. ==Early life and education== Susette, also called ''Inshata Theumba'' (Bright Eyes),〔(Karen L. Kilcup, ed., ''Native American women's writing c. 1800-1924: An Anthology'' ), Malden, Massachusetts and Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishers, 2000, p. 169, accessed 27 Apr 2010〕 was one of five children born to Joseph LaFlesche and his wife Mary Gale. Joseph was the son of the French fur trader Joseph La Flesche, a wealthy immigrant from France,〔(Erin Pedigo, ''The Gifted Pen: the Journalism Career of Susette "Bright Eyes" La Flesche Tibbles'' ), Master's Thesis, University of Nebraska Lincoln, April 2011, accessed 23 August 2011〕 and his Ponca wife, ''Waoowinchtcha'', reportedly a relative of the Omaha chief Big Elk.〔("Joseph La Flesche: Sketch of the Life of the Head Chief of the Omaha" ), first published in the (Bancroft, Nebraska) ''Journal''; reprinted in ''The Friend'', 1889, accessed 23 August 2011〕 Joseph, also called ''Insta Maza'' (Iron Eye), had started with the American Fur Company at age 16, after accompanying his father from the age of 10 on his trips. After his parents separated because of his father's long trips,〔 the younger La Flesche lived with his mother and her family among the Omaha.〔(Parins, James W. "Susette LaFlesche Tibbles" ), In ''Native American Women: A Biographical Dictionary'', ed. Gretchen M. Bataille, Garland, 1993, accessed 23 August 2011〕 She married again, as did his father. Joseph's half-brother, Frank LaFlesche (White Swan) became a chief of the Ponca and was influential in the lives of Joseph's children.〔 Joseph married Mary Gale, also called ''Hinnuaganun'' (One Woman), the mixed-race daughter of Dr. John Gale, a surgeon at Fort Atkinson (Nebraska) and ''Ni-co-ma'', his Iowa wife.〔 (After Gale abandoned his consort and child in Nebraska, ''Ni-co-ma'' married the fur trader Peter Sarpy.〔 ) After some years of trading with the Omaha while working with Peter Sarpy, the younger La Flesche was adopted as a son by the chief Big Elk. He named him successor to his position. La Flesche (Iron Eyes) became the last traditional chief of the Omaha.〔 The La Flesches were a "prominent, affluent and acculturated family" among the Omaha.〔 La Flesche and Mary stressed the importance of education for their children: Louis, Susette, Rosalie, Marguerite and Susan,〔 and "favored assimilation".〔 They thought it offered the best future for their people. The La Flesche family supported the missionary schools and white teachers for their children.〔 Mary La Flesche died about 1855. Joseph married again, to ''Ta-in-ne'' (Elizabeth Esau), an Omaha woman.〔 The following year, 1857, their son Francis La Flesche was born, followed by other children.〔 After the Presbyterian mission school on the reservation closed, Susette La Flesche attended a girls' school in Elizabeth, New Jersey, where she was followed by her younger sisters Marguerite and Susan. Her writing skills were recognized and encouraged during her school years. Susette's siblings also became professionals: Susan LaFlesche Picotte became the first Native American woman physician and founded the first privately funded hospital on an Indian reservation; and Rosalie LaFlesche Player became a financial manager for the Omaha nation, leasing grazing land that was excess to individual household needs. Marguerite LaFlesche Picotte was a teacher on the Yankton Sioux reservation, having married Charles Picotte. Their half-brother Francis LaFlesche became an ethnologist for the Smithsonian Institution, writing about the Omaha and the Osage, and making original recordings of their traditional songs.〔(LaFlesche Family Papers ), Nebraska State Historical Society, accessed 22 August 2011〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Susette La Flesche」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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